There are nerves that connect the frontal lobes to the rest of the brain. When these nerves are damaged and malfunctioning. There was an idea that once these nerves were severed they would generate into healthy connections. This idea and process came to be known as lobotomy. Some people were lobotomized by backaches, headaches and agon9izing pain that often caused inexplicable pain to the patient. The three common versions of psychosurgery were prefrontal leucotomy, prefrontal lobotomy, and transorbital lobotomy.
Leucotomy involved drilling holes into a patient’s skull in order to access the brain. Once in contact with the brain the surgeon would use a leucotome to discrete the injured nerves. The procedure consisted of sliding a “pencil” into the holes in the skull, into the brain, and using the slide to make the loops come out. The surgeon could sever the nerves by removing “cores” of brain tissue, slide the loop back in, and the operation was complete.
The prefrontal lobotomy also drilled holes into the skull of the patient, but in the upper forehead instead of the top of the skull. Another difference from the leucotomy was that the surgeon used a blade to cut the brain instead of a leucotome. This was more destructive in the way that more injured nerved were cut and severed. Even though this process helped some people it was considered unethical once medicine replaced the risk of going into a lobotomy.
The most unethical and shameful way of psychosurgery was transorbital lobotomy. This was a “blind” operation in which the surgeon was not even aware of what spots he was cutting and what nerves he could have damaged. A sharp, stick-like object would be inserted through the eye socket between the upper lid and the patient’s eye. When the doctor thought (was not sure) he was at about the right spot, he would hit the end of the instrument with a hammer. How can someone go into surgery without knowing whether or not the surgeon will be lucky to hit the right spot? These surgeons had a lot of practice but everyone makes mistakes, so pills were a relief to this risk taking surgery. There were other ways of lobotomy but these were the most known and used.
Despite that these surgeries could cause the life of someone and that they were very risky some people went into surgery having the hope of coming out cured. Some people that thought their children were extremely misbehaved would send them to the lobotomist. This became very unethical until scientists discovered a pill that would do the same work as the lobotomy without risks of failure. There was extensive evidence that psychosurgery was not therapeutic; however operations continued to be practiced for many years. This was because it was considered unprofessional to criticize another physician in public, so many doctors who knew that psychosurgery was a farce did not make their opinions known.
As the right to state an opinion raised people started isolating Lobotomy and soon lobotomists were detested and scorned for their unethical practices.
Leucotomy involved drilling holes into a patient’s skull in order to access the brain. Once in contact with the brain the surgeon would use a leucotome to discrete the injured nerves. The procedure consisted of sliding a “pencil” into the holes in the skull, into the brain, and using the slide to make the loops come out. The surgeon could sever the nerves by removing “cores” of brain tissue, slide the loop back in, and the operation was complete.
The prefrontal lobotomy also drilled holes into the skull of the patient, but in the upper forehead instead of the top of the skull. Another difference from the leucotomy was that the surgeon used a blade to cut the brain instead of a leucotome. This was more destructive in the way that more injured nerved were cut and severed. Even though this process helped some people it was considered unethical once medicine replaced the risk of going into a lobotomy.
The most unethical and shameful way of psychosurgery was transorbital lobotomy. This was a “blind” operation in which the surgeon was not even aware of what spots he was cutting and what nerves he could have damaged. A sharp, stick-like object would be inserted through the eye socket between the upper lid and the patient’s eye. When the doctor thought (was not sure) he was at about the right spot, he would hit the end of the instrument with a hammer. How can someone go into surgery without knowing whether or not the surgeon will be lucky to hit the right spot? These surgeons had a lot of practice but everyone makes mistakes, so pills were a relief to this risk taking surgery. There were other ways of lobotomy but these were the most known and used.
Despite that these surgeries could cause the life of someone and that they were very risky some people went into surgery having the hope of coming out cured. Some people that thought their children were extremely misbehaved would send them to the lobotomist. This became very unethical until scientists discovered a pill that would do the same work as the lobotomy without risks of failure. There was extensive evidence that psychosurgery was not therapeutic; however operations continued to be practiced for many years. This was because it was considered unprofessional to criticize another physician in public, so many doctors who knew that psychosurgery was a farce did not make their opinions known.
As the right to state an opinion raised people started isolating Lobotomy and soon lobotomists were detested and scorned for their unethical practices.
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